diff --git a/SConstruct b/SConstruct
index e598cb9a9..180f78b3c 100644
--- a/SConstruct
+++ b/SConstruct
@@ -65,10 +65,8 @@ if 'clean' in COMMAND_LINE_TARGETS:
     removeDirectory('include/cantera/ext')
     removeFile('interfaces/cython/cantera/_cantera.cpp')
     removeFile('interfaces/cython/cantera/_cantera.h')
-    removeFile('interfaces/cython/setup2.py')
-    removeFile('interfaces/cython/setup3.py')
-    removeFile('interfaces/python_minimal/setup2.py')
-    removeFile('interfaces/python_minimal/setup3.py')
+    removeFile('interfaces/cython/setup.py')
+    removeFile('interfaces/python_minimal/setup.py')
     removeFile('config.log')
     removeDirectory('doc/sphinx/matlab/examples')
     removeFile('doc/sphinx/matlab/examples.rst')
@@ -348,7 +346,7 @@ config_options = [
         sys.executable),
     PathVariable(
         'python_prefix',
-        """Use this option if you want to install the Cantera Python 2 package to
+        """Use this option if you want to install the Cantera Python package to
            an alternate location. On Unix-like systems, the default is the same
            as the 'prefix' option. If the 'python_prefix' option is set to
            the empty string or the 'prefix' option is not set, then the package
@@ -356,55 +354,22 @@ config_options = [
            To install to the current user's 'site-packages' directory, use
            'python_prefix=USER'.""",
         defaults.python_prefix, PathVariable.PathAccept),
-    EnumVariable(
-        'python2_package',
-        """Controls whether or not the Python 2 module will be built. By
-           default, the module will be built if the Python 2 interpreter
-           and the required dependencies (NumPy for Python 2 and Cython
-           for the version of Python for which SCons is installed) can be
-           found.""",
-        'default', ('full', 'minimal', 'y', 'n', 'none', 'default')),
-    PathVariable(
-        'python2_cmd',
-        """The path to the Python 2 interpreter. The default is
-           'python2'; if this executable cannot be found, this
-           value must be specified to build the Python 2 module.""",
-        'python2', PathVariable.PathAccept),
-    PathVariable(
-        'python2_prefix',
-        """Use this option if you want to install the Cantera Python 2 package to
-           an alternate location. On Unix-like systems, the default is the same
-           as the 'prefix' option. If the 'python_prefix' option is set to
-           the empty string or the 'prefix' option is not set, then the package
-           will be installed to the system default 'site-packages' directory.
-           To install to the current user's 'site-packages' directory, use
-           'python2_prefix=USER'.""",
-        defaults.python_prefix, PathVariable.PathAccept),
     EnumVariable(
         'python3_package',
-        """Controls whether or not the Python 3 module will be built. By
-           default, the module will be built if the Python 3 interpreter
-           and the required dependencies (NumPy for Python 3 and Cython
-           for the version of Python for which SCons is installed) can be
-           found.""",
+        """Deprecated synonym for the 'python_package' option. Will be overridden
+        if 'python_package' is set.""",
         'default', ('full', 'minimal', 'y', 'n', 'none', 'default')),
     PathVariable(
         'python3_cmd',
-        """The path to the Python 3 interpreter. The default is
-           'python3'; if this executable cannot be found, this
-           value must be specified to build the Python 3 module.""",
-        'python3', PathVariable.PathAccept),
+        """Deprecated synonym for the 'python_cmd' option. Will be overridden
+           if 'python_cmd' is set.""",
+        sys.executable, PathVariable.PathAccept),
     PathVariable(
         'python3_prefix',
-        """Use this option if you want to install the Cantera Python 3 package to
-           an alternate location. On Unix-like systems, the default is the same
-           as the 'prefix' option. If the 'python_prefix' option is set to
-           the empty string or the 'prefix' option is not set, then the package
-           will be installed to the system default 'site-packages' directory.
-           To install to the current user's 'site-packages' directory, use
-           'python3_prefix=USER'.""",
+        """Deprecated synonym for the 'python_prefix' option. Will be overridden
+           if 'python_prefix' is set.""",
         defaults.python_prefix, PathVariable.PathAccept),
-    EnumVariable(
+     EnumVariable(
         'matlab_toolbox',
         """This variable controls whether the MATLAB toolbox will be built. If
            set to 'y', you will also need to set the value of the 'matlab_path'
@@ -1148,13 +1113,19 @@ env['python_cmd_esc'] = quoted(env['python_cmd'])
 cython_min_version = LooseVersion('0.23')
 numpy_min_test_version = LooseVersion('1.8.1')
 
-# If both python2_package and python3_package are set to something
-# other than the default ignore the python_package option
-if all([env['python{}_package'.format(p)] != 'default' for p in ['2', '3']]):
-    if env['python_package'] != 'default':
-        print("WARNING: Both version-specific pythonX_package options are set. Ignoring "
-              "non-version specific python_package options")
-    env['python_package'] = 'none'
+# Handle the version-specific Python package options
+python_options = (('package', 'default'),
+                  ('cmd', sys.executable),
+                  ('prefix', defaults.python_prefix))
+for option, default in python_options:
+    if env['python3_' + option] != default:
+        print("WARNING: Option 'python3_{0}' is deprecated."
+            " Use 'python_{0}' instead.".format(option))
+        if env['python_' + option] == default:
+            env['python_' + option] = env['python3_' + option]
+        else:
+            print("WARNING: Ignoring option 'python3_{0}'"
+                " because 'python_{0}' was also set.".format(option))
 
 if env['python_package'] == 'new':
     print("WARNING: The 'new' option for the Python package is "
@@ -1163,73 +1134,13 @@ if env['python_package'] == 'new':
     env['python_package'] = 'full'  # Allow 'new' as a synonym for 'full'
 elif env['python_package'] == 'y':
     env['python_package'] = 'full'  # Allow 'y' as a synonym for 'full'
-elif env['python_package'] in ['none', 'n']:
-    if env['python2_package'] == 'default':
-        env['python2_package'] = 'none'
-    if env['python3_package'] == 'default':
-        env['python3_package'] = 'none'
+elif env['python_package'] == 'n':
+  env['python_package'] = 'none'  # Allow 'n' as a synonym for 'none'
 
-for py_pkg in ['python2_package', 'python3_package']:
-    if env[py_pkg] == 'y':
-        env[py_pkg] = 'full'  # Allow 'y' as a synonym for 'full'
-    elif env[py_pkg] == 'n':
-        env[py_pkg] = 'none'  # Allow 'n' as a synonym for 'none'
+env['install_python_action'] = ''
+env['python_module_loc'] = ''
 
-if env['python_package'] in ('full', 'minimal', 'default'):
-    # If the non-specific python_package option is not none, check
-    # the version of the Python package we want to build using
-    # python_cmd
-    script = '\n'.join(["from __future__ import print_function",
-                        "import sys",
-                        "print('{v.major}.{v.minor}'.format(v=sys.version_info))"])
-
-    try:
-        env['python_version'] = getCommandOutput(env['python_cmd'], '-c', script)
-    except (OSError, subprocess.CalledProcessError) as err:
-        if env['python_package'] in ['full', 'minimal']:
-            print('ERROR: Problem checking for Python:')
-            print(err)
-            sys.exit(1)
-        else:
-            print('WARNING: Problem checking for Python:')
-            print(err)
-            print('Continuing with default parameters.')
-    else:
-        major = env['python_version'][0]
-        py_pkg = 'python{}_package'.format(major)
-        if env[py_pkg] != 'default':
-            if env['python_package'] != 'default':
-                # If python_package is default don't print a warning. If python_package has been
-                # set, warn the user that we're ignoring that option.
-                print("WARNING: The python{v}_package option has been set to {option}. All "
-                      "non-version-specific Python options (including python_cmd) have been "
-                      "ignored.".format(v=major, option=env[py_pkg]))
-        else:  # pythonX_package is 'default'
-            # This dictionary has the default values for the Python related variables
-            default_py_vars = {'python{}_cmd': 'python{}'.format(major),
-                       'python{}_prefix': '$prefix'}
-
-            env[py_pkg] = env['python_package']
-            # Check whether any Python related variables are different from the default
-            for key, value in default_py_vars.items():
-                if env[key.format(major)] != value:
-                    print("WARNING: The value for {0} has been set and will be used instead "
-                          "of {1}".format(key.format(major), key.format('')))
-                else:
-                    env[key.format(major)] = env[key.format('')]
-
-        del env['python_version']
-
-# Make sure everything gets converted to properly versioned variables by deleting
-# these so they don't get used accidentally
-del env['python_package']
-del env['python_cmd']
-del env['python_prefix']
-
-require_python = any([env['python{}_package'.format(p)] == 'full' for p in ['2', '3']])
-want_python = any([env['python{}_package'.format(p)] == 'default' for p in ['2', '3']])
-
-if require_python or want_python:
+if env['python_package'] in ('full', 'default'):
     # Check for Cython:
     try:
         import Cython
@@ -1247,63 +1158,18 @@ if require_python or want_python:
         have_cython = True
     finally:
         if not have_cython:
-            if require_python:
+            if env['python_package'] == 'full':
                 print('ERROR: ' + message)
                 sys.exit(1)
-            elif want_python:
+            elif env['python_package'] == 'default':
                 print('WARNING: ' + message)
-                for py_pkg in ['python{}_package'.format(p) for p in ['2', '3']]:
-                    if env[py_pkg] == 'default':
-                        env[py_pkg] = 'minimal-default'
+                env['python_package'] = 'minimal'
         else:
             print('INFO: Using Cython version {0}.'.format(cython_version))
 
-def configure_minimal_python(py_ver):
-    # Test to see if we can run Python if the minimal interface is to be built
-    warn_no_python = False
-    script = textwrap.dedent("""\
-        from __future__ import print_function
-        import sys
-        print('{v.major}.{v.minor}'.format(v=sys.version_info))
-    """)
-
-    try:
-        info = getCommandOutput(env['python{}_cmd'.format(py_ver)], '-c', script)
-    except OSError as err:
-        if env['VERBOSE']:
-            print('Error checking for Python {}:'.format(py_ver))
-            print(err)
-        warn_no_python = True
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as err:
-        if env['VERBOSE']:
-            print('Error checking for Python {}:'.format(py_ver))
-            print(err, err.output)
-        warn_no_python = True
-    else:
-        (env['python{}_version'.format(py_ver)],) = info.splitlines()[-1:]
-
-    if warn_no_python:
-        if 'default' in env['python{}_package'.format(py_ver)]:
-            print('WARNING: Not building the minimal Python {py_ver} package because the Python '
-                  '{py_ver} interpreter {interp!r} could not be '
-                  'found.'.format(py_ver=py_ver, interp=env['python{}_cmd'.format(py_ver)]))
-
-            env['python{}_package'.format(py_ver)] = 'none'
-        else:
-            print('ERROR: Could not execute the Python {py_ver} interpreter {interp!r}.'.format(
-                py_ver=py_ver, interp=env['python{}_cmd'.format(py_ver)]
-            ))
-
-            sys.exit(1)
-    else:
-        print('INFO: Building the minimal Python package for Python {0}'.format(env['python{}_version'.format(py_ver)]))
-        env['python{}_package'.format(py_ver)] = 'minimal'
-
-def configure_full_python(py_ver):
     # Test to see if we can import numpy
     warn_no_python = False
     script = textwrap.dedent("""\
-        from __future__ import print_function
         import sys
         print('{v.major}.{v.minor}'.format(v=sys.version_info))
         try:
@@ -1315,106 +1181,91 @@ def configure_full_python(py_ver):
     """)
 
     try:
-        info = getCommandOutput(env['python{}_cmd'.format(py_ver)], '-c', script).splitlines()
+        info = getCommandOutput(env['python_cmd'], '-c', script).splitlines()
     except OSError as err:
         if env['VERBOSE']:
-            print('Error checking for Python {}:'.format(py_ver))
+            print('Error checking for Python:')
             print(err)
         warn_no_python = True
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as err:
         if env['VERBOSE']:
-            print('Error checking for Python {}:'.format(py_ver))
+            print('Error checking for Python:')
             print(err, err.output)
         warn_no_python = True
     else:
-        env['python{}_version'.format(py_ver)] = info[0]
+        env['python_version'] = info[0]
         numpy_version = LooseVersion(info[1])
         if len(info) > 2:
             print("WARNING: Unexpected output while checking Python & Numpy versions:")
             print('| ' + '\n|'.join(info[2:]))
 
         if numpy_version == LooseVersion('0.0.0'):
-            print("NumPy for Python {0} not found.".format(env['python{}_version'.format(py_ver)]))
+            print("NumPy not found.")
             warn_no_python = True
         elif numpy_version < numpy_min_test_version:
-            print("WARNING: The installed version of Numpy for Python {0} is not tested and "
-                  "support is not guaranteed. Found {1} but {2} or newer is preferred".format(
-                      env['python{}_version'.format(py_ver)], numpy_version, numpy_min_test_version))
+            print("WARNING: The installed version of Numpy is not tested and "
+                  "support is not guaranteed. Found {0} but {1} or newer is preferred".format(
+                  numpy_version, numpy_min_test_version))
         else:
-            print('INFO: Using NumPy version {0} for Python {1}.'.format(
-                numpy_version, env['python{}_version'.format(py_ver)]))
+            print('INFO: Using NumPy version {0}.'.format(numpy_version))
 
     if warn_no_python:
-        if env['python{}_package'.format(py_ver)] == 'default':
-            print('WARNING: Not building the full Python {py_ver} package because the Python '
-                  '{py_ver} interpreter {interp!r} could not be found or a required dependency '
-                  '(e.g. numpy) was not found.'.format(py_ver=py_ver, interp=env['python{}_cmd'.format(py_ver)]))
+        if env['python_package'] == 'default':
+            print('WARNING: Not building the full Python package because the Python '
+                  'interpreter {!r} could not be found or a required dependency '
+                  '(e.g. numpy) was not found.'.format(env['python_cmd']))
 
-            env['python{}_package'.format(py_ver)] = 'minimal-default'
+            env['python_package'] = 'minimal-default'
         else:
-            print('ERROR: Could not execute the Python {py_ver} interpreter {interp!r} or a required '
-                  'dependency (e.g. numpy) could not be found.'.format(py_ver=py_ver, interp=env['python{}_cmd'.format(py_ver)]))
+            print('ERROR: Could not execute the Python interpreter {!r} or a required '
+                  'dependency (e.g. numpy) could not be found.'.format(env['python_cmd']))
 
             sys.exit(1)
     else:
-        print('INFO: Building the full Python package for Python {0}'.format(env['python{}_version'.format(py_ver)]))
-        env['python{}_package'.format(py_ver)] = 'full'
+        print('INFO: Building the full Python package for Python {0}'.format(env['python_version']))
+        env['python_package'] = 'full'
 
-for py_ver in [2, 3]:
-    env['install_python{}_action'.format(py_ver)] = ''
-    if env['python{}_package'.format(py_ver)] in ['full', 'default']:
-        configure_full_python(py_ver)
-    elif env['python{}_package'.format(py_ver)] == 'minimal':
-        configure_minimal_python(py_ver)
-        env['python{}_module_loc'.format(py_ver)] = ''
-    else:
-        env['python{}_module_loc'.format(py_ver)] = ''
-
-# If we're building the full Python interface for one version of Python,
-# we probably don't want the minimal interface of the other version
-if env['python2_package'] == 'minimal-default' and env['python3_package'] == 'full':
-    env['python2_package'] = 'none'
-elif env['python3_package'] == 'minimal-default' and env['python2_package'] == 'full':
-    env['python3_package'] = 'none'
-
-# 'minimal-default' means that something was wrong with Python or NumPy
-# such that the full interface for that version of Python can't be built
-# and the pythonX_package option wasn't supplied by the user. Check to see
-# if the minimal package should be built
-if env['python2_package'] == 'minimal-default':
-    configure_minimal_python(2)
-if env['python3_package'] == 'minimal-default':
-    configure_minimal_python(3)
-
-for py_ver in [2, 3]:
-    if env['python{}_package'.format(py_ver)] != 'none':
-        # The directory within the source tree which will contain the Python module
-        env['pythonpath_build{}'.format(py_ver)] = Dir('build/python{}'.format(py_ver)).abspath
-        if 'PYTHONPATH' in env['ENV']:
-            env['pythonpath_build{}'.format(py_ver)] += os.path.pathsep + env['ENV']['PYTHONPATH']
-
-# Check for 3to2. See http://pypi.python.org/pypi/3to2
-# Only needed for Python 2 package
-if env['python2_package'] == 'full':
+if env['python_package'] in ('minimal', 'minimal-default'):
+    # Test to see if we can run Python if the minimal interface is to be built
+    warn_no_python = False
     script = textwrap.dedent("""\
-        from lib3to2.main import main
-        print(main('lib3to2.fixes', ['-l']))
+        import sys
+        print('{v.major}.{v.minor}'.format(v=sys.version_info))
     """)
+
     try:
-        ret = getCommandOutput(env['python2_cmd'], '-c', script)
-    except (OSError, subprocess.CalledProcessError) as err:
+        info = getCommandOutput(env['python_cmd'], '-c', script)
+    except OSError as err:
         if env['VERBOSE']:
-            print('Error checking for 3to2:')
+            print('Error checking for Python:')
             print(err)
-        ret = ''
-    if 'print' in ret:
-        env['python_convert_examples'] = True
+        warn_no_python = True
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as err:
+        if env['VERBOSE']:
+            print('Error checking for Python:')
+            print(err, err.output)
+        warn_no_python = True
     else:
-        env['python_convert_examples'] = False
-        print("WARNING: Couldn't find the 3to2 package. "
-              "Python 2 examples will not work correctly.")
-else:
-    env['python_convert_examples'] = False
+        (env['python_version'],) = info.splitlines()[-1:]
+
+    if warn_no_python:
+        if env['python_package'] == 'minimal-default':
+            print('WARNING: Not building the minimal Python package because the Python '
+                  'interpreter {!r} could not be found.'.format(env['python_cmd']))
+
+            env['python_package'] = 'none'
+        else:
+            print('ERROR: Could not execute the Python interpreter {!r}.'.format(env['python_cmd']))
+            sys.exit(1)
+    else:
+        print('INFO: Building the minimal Python package for Python {0}'.format(env['python_version']))
+        env['python_package'] = 'minimal'
+
+if env['python_package'] != 'none':
+    # The directory within the source tree which will contain the Python module
+    env['pythonpath_build'] = Dir('build/python').abspath
+    if 'PYTHONPATH' in env['ENV']:
+        env['pythonpath_build'] += os.path.pathsep + env['ENV']['PYTHONPATH']
 
 # Matlab Toolbox settings
 if env['matlab_path'] != '' and env['matlab_toolbox'] == 'default':
@@ -1506,12 +1357,11 @@ addInstallActions = ('install' in COMMAND_LINE_TARGETS or
 if env['stage_dir']:
     instRoot = pjoin(os.getcwd(), env['stage_dir'],
                      stripDrive(env['prefix']).strip('/\\'))
-    for k in ('python2_prefix', 'python3_prefix'):
-        if env[k]:
-            env[k] = pjoin(os.getcwd(), env['stage_dir'],
-                           stripDrive(env[k]).strip('/\\'))
-        else:
-            env[k] = pjoin(os.getcwd(), env['stage_dir'])
+    if env['python_prefix']:
+        env['python_prefix'] = pjoin(os.getcwd(), env['stage_dir'],
+                       stripDrive(env['python_prefix']).strip('/\\'))
+    else:
+        env['python_prefix'] = pjoin(os.getcwd(), env['stage_dir'])
 else:
     instRoot = env['prefix']
 
@@ -1532,8 +1382,7 @@ if env['layout'] == 'debian':
                                    env['libdirname'], 'cantera', 'matlab', 'toolbox')
 
     env['inst_python_bindir'] = pjoin(base, 'cantera-python', 'usr', 'bin')
-    env['python2_prefix'] = pjoin(base, 'cantera-python')
-    env['python3_prefix'] = pjoin(base, 'cantera-python3')
+    env['python_prefix'] = pjoin(base, 'cantera-python3')
 else:
     env['inst_libdir'] = pjoin(instRoot, env['libdirname'])
     env['inst_bindir'] = pjoin(instRoot, 'bin')
@@ -1720,10 +1569,9 @@ if env['f90_interface'] == 'y':
 VariantDir('build/src', 'src', duplicate=0)
 SConscript('build/src/SConscript')
 
-if env['python3_package'] == 'full' or env['python2_package'] == 'full':
+if env['python_package'] == 'full':
     SConscript('interfaces/cython/SConscript')
-
-if env['python3_package'] == 'minimal' or env['python2_package'] == 'minimal':
+elif env['python_package'] == 'minimal':
     SConscript('interfaces/python_minimal/SConscript')
 
 if env['CC'] != 'cl':
@@ -1794,17 +1642,11 @@ def postInstallMessage(target, source, env):
           samples                     {ct_sampledir!s}
           data files                  {ct_datadir!s}""".format(**env_dict))
 
-    if env['python2_package'] == 'full':
-        env['python2_example_loc'] = pjoin(env['python2_module_loc'], 'cantera', 'examples')
+    if env['python_package'] == 'full':
+        env['python_example_loc'] = pjoin(env['python_module_loc'], 'cantera', 'examples')
         install_message += indent(textwrap.dedent("""
-            Python 2 package (cantera)  {python2_module_loc!s}
-            Python 2 samples            {python2_example_loc!s}""".format(**env_dict)), '  ')
-
-    if env['python3_package'] == 'full':
-        env['python3_example_loc'] = pjoin(env['python3_module_loc'], 'cantera', 'examples')
-        install_message += indent(textwrap.dedent("""
-            Python 3 package (cantera)  {python3_module_loc!s}
-            Python 3 samples            {python3_example_loc!s}""".format(**env_dict)), '  ')
+            Python package (cantera)    {python_module_loc!s}
+            Python samples              {python_example_loc!s}""".format(**env_dict)), '  ')
 
     if env['matlab_toolbox'] == 'y':
         env['matlab_sample_loc'] = pjoin(env['ct_sampledir'], 'matlab')
@@ -1856,26 +1698,22 @@ def getParentDirs(path, top=True):
 # Files installed by SCons
 allfiles = FindInstalledFiles()
 
-# Files installed by the Python installer(s)
-pyFiles = ['build/python2-installed-files.txt',
-           'build/python3-installed-files.txt']
+# Files installed by the Python installer
+if os.path.exists('build/python-installed-files.txt'):
+    with open('build/python-installed-files.txt', 'r') as f:
+        file_list = f.readlines()
 
-for filename in pyFiles:
-    if os.path.exists(filename):
-        with open(filename, 'r') as f:
-            file_list = f.readlines()
-
-        install_base = os.path.dirname(file_list[0].strip())
-        if os.path.exists(install_base):
-            not_listed_files = [s for s in os.listdir(install_base) if not any(s in j for j in file_list)]
-            for f in not_listed_files:
-                f = pjoin(install_base, f)
-                if not os.path.isdir(f) and os.path.exists(f):
-                    allfiles.append(File(f))
-        for f in file_list:
-            f = f.strip()
+    install_base = os.path.dirname(file_list[0].strip())
+    if os.path.exists(install_base):
+        not_listed_files = [s for s in os.listdir(install_base) if not any(s in j for j in file_list)]
+        for f in not_listed_files:
+            f = pjoin(install_base, f)
             if not os.path.isdir(f) and os.path.exists(f):
                 allfiles.append(File(f))
+    for f in file_list:
+        f = f.strip()
+        if not os.path.isdir(f) and os.path.exists(f):
+            allfiles.append(File(f))
 
 # After removing files (which SCons keeps track of),
 # remove any empty directories (which SCons doesn't track)
@@ -1928,7 +1766,7 @@ if any(target.startswith('test') for target in COMMAND_LINE_TARGETS):
     env['testNames'] = []
     env['test_results'] = env.Command('test_results', [], testResults.printReport)
 
-    if env['python2_package'] == 'none' and env['python3_package'] == 'none':
+    if env['python_package'] == 'none':
         # copy scripts from the full Cython module
         test_py_int = env.Command('#build/python_minimal/cantera/__init__.py',
                                   '#interfaces/python_minimal/cantera/__init__.py',
diff --git a/doc/sphinx/conf.py b/doc/sphinx/conf.py
index be7fe4d2f..cf0a30197 100644
--- a/doc/sphinx/conf.py
+++ b/doc/sphinx/conf.py
@@ -16,10 +16,7 @@ import sys, os, re
 # If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
 # add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
 # documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
-if sys.version_info[0] == 3:
-    sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('../../build/python3'))
-else:
-    sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('../../build/python2'))
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('../../build/python'))
 
 sys.path.append(os.path.abspath('.'))
 sys.path.append(os.path.abspath('./exts'))
@@ -99,9 +96,6 @@ release = re.search('CANTERA_VERSION "(.*?)"', configh).group(1)
 # List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
 # directories to ignore when looking for source files.
 exclude_patterns = []
-if sys.version_info[0] == 3:
-    exclude_patterns.append('python/*')
-
 
 # The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all documents.
 default_role = 'py:obj'
diff --git a/interfaces/cython/.gitignore b/interfaces/cython/.gitignore
index c05099e90..447b2efd0 100644
--- a/interfaces/cython/.gitignore
+++ b/interfaces/cython/.gitignore
@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@ cantera/test/data/*.xml
 cantera/test/data/*.inp
 cantera/test/data/*.dat
 cantera/test/data/*.csv
-setup2.py
-setup3.py
+setup.py
 scripts/ctml_writer.py
 scripts/ctml_writer
 scripts/ck2cti.py
diff --git a/interfaces/cython/SConscript b/interfaces/cython/SConscript
index 5d31afd2c..dce0413e0 100644
--- a/interfaces/cython/SConscript
+++ b/interfaces/cython/SConscript
@@ -6,54 +6,6 @@ Import('env', 'build', 'install')
 
 localenv = env.Clone()
 
-
-def configure_python(env, python_command):
-    script = '\n'.join(("from distutils.sysconfig import *",
-                        "import numpy",
-                        "print(get_config_var('EXT_SUFFIX') or get_config_var('SO'))",
-                        "print(get_config_var('INCLUDEPY'))",
-                        "print(get_config_var('LDLIBRARY'))",
-                        "print(get_config_var('prefix'))",
-                        "print(get_python_version())",
-                        "print(numpy.get_include())"))
-    info = getCommandOutput(python_command, '-c', script)
-    module_ext, inc, pylib, prefix, py_version, numpy_include = info.splitlines()[-6:]
-    env.Prepend(CPPPATH=[Dir('#include'), inc, numpy_include])
-    env.Prepend(LIBS=env['cantera_libs'])
-    if env['OS'] == 'Darwin':
-        env.Append(LINKFLAGS='-undefined dynamic_lookup')
-    elif env['OS'] == 'Windows':
-        env.Append(LIBPATH=prefix+'/libs')
-        if env['toolchain'] == 'mingw':
-            env.Append(LIBS='python%s' % py_version.replace('.',''))
-            if env['OS_BITS'] == 64:
-                env.Append(CPPDEFINES='MS_WIN64')
-            # fix for http://bugs.python.org/issue11566
-            env.Append(CPPDEFINES={'_hypot':'hypot'})
-    elif env['OS'] == 'Cygwin':
-        # extract 'pythonX.Y' from 'libpythonX.Y.dll.a'
-        env.Append(LIBS=pylib[3:-6])
-    return module_ext, py_version
-
-
-def add_dependencies(mod, ext):
-    localenv.Depends(mod, ext)
-    localenv.Depends(mod, dataFiles + testFiles)
-    localenv.Depends(ext, localenv['cantera_staticlib'])
-
-    for f in (mglob(localenv, 'cantera', 'py') +
-              mglob(localenv, 'cantera/test', 'py') +
-              mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/tutorial', 'py') +
-              mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/equilibrium', 'py') +
-              mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/kinetics', 'py') +
-              mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/transport', 'py') +
-              mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/reactors', 'py') +
-              mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/onedim', 'py') +
-              mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/surface_chemistry', 'py') +
-              mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/misc', 'py')):
-        localenv.Depends(mod, f)
-
-
 def cythonize(target, source, env):
     Cython.Build.cythonize([f.abspath for f in source])
 
@@ -67,62 +19,6 @@ for line in open('cantera/_cantera.pxd'):
     if m:
         localenv.Depends('cantera/_cantera.cpp', '#include/' + m.group(1))
 
-def install_module(prefix, python_version):
-    major = python_version[0]
-    minor = python_version.split('.')[1]
-    dummy = 'dummy' + major
-    if prefix == 'USER':
-        # Install to the OS-dependent user site-packages directory
-        extra = '--user'
-        if localenv['OS'] == 'Darwin':
-            extra += ' --prefix=""'
-    elif prefix:
-        # A specific location for the Cantera python module has been given
-        if localenv['debian'] and localenv.subst(prefix) == '/usr/local':
-            # Installation to /usr/local is the default on Debian-based distributions
-            extra = ''
-        elif localenv['OS'] == 'Darwin':
-            extra = localenv.subst(' --prefix=${python%s_prefix}' % major)
-        elif localenv['libdirname'] == 'lib64':
-            # 64-bit RHEL / Fedora
-            extra = localenv.subst(
-                ' --prefix=${python%s_prefix} --install-lib=${python%s_prefix}/lib64/python%s.%s/site-packages' % (major, major, major, minor))
-        else:
-            extra = '--user'
-            localenv.AppendENVPath(
-                'PYTHONUSERBASE',
-                normpath(localenv.subst('$python%s_prefix' % major)))
-    else:
-        # Install Python module in the default location
-        extra = ''
-
-    env['python%s_module_loc' % major] = '<unspecified>'
-    if localenv['PYTHON_INSTALLER'] == 'direct':
-        mod_inst = install(localenv.Command, dummy, mod,
-                           build_cmd + ' install %s' % extra +
-                           ' --record=../../build/python%s-installed-files.txt' % major +
-                           ' --single-version-externally-managed')
-        global_env = env
-        def find_module_dir(target, source, env):
-            check = pjoin('cantera','__init__.py')
-            for filename in open('build/python%s-installed-files.txt' % major).readlines():
-                filename = filename.strip()
-                if filename.endswith(check):
-                    filename = filename.replace(check,'')
-                    global_env['python%s_module_loc' % major] = normpath(filename)
-                    break
-        localenv.AlwaysBuild(localenv.AddPostAction(mod_inst, find_module_dir))
-        env['install_python{}_action'.format(major)] = mod_inst
-
-    elif localenv['PYTHON_INSTALLER'] == 'debian':
-        extra = localenv.subst(' --root=${python%s_prefix}' % major)
-        install(localenv.Command, dummy, mod,
-                build_cmd + ' install --install-layout=deb --no-compile %s' % extra)
-    elif localenv['PYTHON_INSTALLER'] == 'binary':
-        install(localenv.Command, dummy, mod,
-                build_cmd + ' bdist_msi --dist-dir=../..' +
-                ' --target-version=%s' % python_version)
-
 dataFiles = localenv.RecursiveInstall('#interfaces/cython/cantera/data',
                                       '#build/data')
 build(dataFiles)
@@ -135,64 +31,113 @@ for f in ['inputs/h2o2.inp', 'inputs/gri30.inp', 'transport/gri30_tran.dat']:
     inp = build(localenv.Install('#interfaces/cython/cantera/test/data/', '#data/' + f))
     testFiles.append(inp)
 
-# Cython module for Python 3.x
-if localenv['python3_package'] == 'full':
-    localenv['python3_cmd_esc'] = quoted(localenv['python3_cmd'])
-    py3env = localenv.Clone()
-    module_ext, py3_version = configure_python(py3env, py3env['python3_cmd'])
+# Get information needed to build the Python module
+script = '\n'.join(("from distutils.sysconfig import *",
+                    "import numpy",
+                    "print(get_config_var('EXT_SUFFIX') or get_config_var('SO'))",
+                    "print(get_config_var('INCLUDEPY'))",
+                    "print(get_config_var('LDLIBRARY'))",
+                    "print(get_config_var('prefix'))",
+                    "print(get_python_version())",
+                    "print(numpy.get_include())"))
+info = getCommandOutput(localenv['python_cmd'], '-c', script)
+module_ext, inc, pylib, prefix, py_version, numpy_include = info.splitlines()[-6:]
+localenv.Prepend(CPPPATH=[Dir('#include'), inc, numpy_include])
+localenv.Prepend(LIBS=localenv['cantera_libs'])
+if localenv['OS'] == 'Darwin':
+    localenv.Append(LINKFLAGS='-undefined dynamic_lookup')
+elif localenv['OS'] == 'Windows':
+    localenv.Append(LIBPATH=prefix+'/libs')
+    if localenv['toolchain'] == 'mingw':
+        localenv.Append(LIBS='python{}'.format(py_version.replace('.','')))
+        if localenv['OS_BITS'] == 64:
+            localenv.Append(CPPDEFINES='MS_WIN64')
+        # fix for http://bugs.python.org/issue11566
+        localenv.Append(CPPDEFINES={'_hypot':'hypot'})
+elif localenv['OS'] == 'Cygwin':
+    # extract 'pythonX.Y' from 'libpythonX.Y.dll.a'
+    localenv.Append(LIBS=pylib[3:-6])
 
-    obj = py3env.SharedObject('#build/temp-py/_cantera3', 'cantera/_cantera.cpp')
-    ext = py3env.LoadableModule('#build/python3/cantera/_cantera%s' % module_ext,
-                                obj, LIBPREFIX='', SHLIBSUFFIX=module_ext,
-                                SHLIBPREFIX='', LIBSUFFIXES=[module_ext])
-    py3env['py_extension'] = ext[0].name
+# Build the Python module
+obj = localenv.SharedObject('#build/temp-py/_cantera', 'cantera/_cantera.cpp')
+ext = localenv.LoadableModule('#build/python/cantera/_cantera{}'.format(module_ext),
+                            obj, LIBPREFIX='', SHLIBSUFFIX=module_ext,
+                            SHLIBPREFIX='', LIBSUFFIXES=[module_ext])
+localenv['py_extension'] = ext[0].name
 
-    py3env.SubstFile('setup3.py', 'setup.py.in')
-    build_cmd = ('cd interfaces/cython &&'
-                 ' $python3_cmd_esc setup3.py build --build-lib=../../build/python3')
-    mod = build(py3env.Command('#build/python3/cantera/__init__.py', 'setup3.py',
-                               build_cmd))
-    env['python3_module'] = mod
-    env['python3_extension'] = ext
+localenv.SubstFile('setup.py', 'setup.py.in')
+build_cmd = ('cd interfaces/cython &&'
+             ' $python_cmd_esc setup.py build --build-lib=../../build/python')
+mod = build(localenv.Command('#build/python/cantera/__init__.py', 'setup.py',
+                             build_cmd))
+env['python_module'] = mod
+env['python_extension'] = ext
 
-    add_dependencies(mod, ext)
-    install_module(py3env['python3_prefix'], py3_version)
+localenv.Depends(mod, ext)
+localenv.Depends(mod, dataFiles + testFiles)
+localenv.Depends(ext, localenv['cantera_staticlib'])
 
-# Cython module for Python 2.x
-if localenv['python2_package'] == 'full':
-    localenv['python2_cmd_esc'] = quoted(localenv['python2_cmd'])
-    py2env = localenv.Clone()
-    module_ext, py2_version = configure_python(py2env, py2env['python2_cmd'])
+for f in (mglob(localenv, 'cantera', 'py') +
+          mglob(localenv, 'cantera/test', 'py') +
+          mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/tutorial', 'py') +
+          mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/equilibrium', 'py') +
+          mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/kinetics', 'py') +
+          mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/transport', 'py') +
+          mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/reactors', 'py') +
+          mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/onedim', 'py') +
+          mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/surface_chemistry', 'py') +
+          mglob(localenv, 'cantera/examples/misc', 'py')):
+    localenv.Depends(mod, f)
 
-    obj = py2env.SharedObject('#build/temp-py/_cantera2', 'cantera/_cantera.cpp')
-    ext = py2env.LoadableModule('#build/python2/cantera/_cantera%s' % module_ext,
-                                obj, LIBPREFIX='', SHLIBSUFFIX=module_ext,
-                                SHLIBPREFIX='', LIBSUFFIXES=[module_ext])
-    py2env['py_extension'] = ext[0].name
-    py2env.SubstFile('setup2.py', 'setup.py.in')
-    build_cmd = ('cd interfaces/cython &&'
-                 ' $python2_cmd_esc setup2.py build --build-lib=../../build/python2')
-    mod = build(py2env.Command('#build/python2/cantera/__init__.py',
-                               'setup2.py',
-                               build_cmd))
-    env['python2_module'] = mod
-    env['python2_extension'] = ext
+# Determine installation path and install the Python module
+if localenv['python_prefix'] == 'USER':
+    # Install to the OS-dependent user site-packages directory
+    extra = '--user'
+    if localenv['OS'] == 'Darwin':
+        extra += ' --prefix=""'
+elif localenv['python_prefix']:
+    # A specific location for the Cantera python module has been given
+    if localenv['debian'] and localenv.subst('${python_prefix}') == '/usr/local':
+        # Installation to /usr/local is the default on Debian-based distributions
+        extra = ''
+    elif localenv['OS'] == 'Darwin':
+        extra = localenv.subst(' --prefix=${python_prefix}')
+    elif localenv['libdirname'] == 'lib64':
+        # 64-bit RHEL / Fedora
+        extra = localenv.subst(
+            ' --prefix=${python_prefix}'
+            ' --install-lib=${python_prefix}/lib64/python{}/site-packages'.format(py_version))
+    else:
+        extra = '--user'
+        localenv.AppendENVPath(
+            'PYTHONUSERBASE',
+            normpath(localenv.subst('$python_prefix')))
+else:
+    # Install Python module in the default location
+    extra = ''
 
-    # Use 3to2 to convert examples from Python 3 syntax
-    if env['python_convert_examples']:
-        a = build(py2env.Command('#build/python2/cantera/examples', 'cantera/examples',
-                                 Copy("$TARGET", "$SOURCE")))
-        # In these next few things, the double quotes are necessary
-        # so the command line is processed properly
-        threetotwo_options = ['--no-diff', '-n', '-w', '-x', 'str', '-x', 'print', '-x', 'open',
-                              '-f', 'all', '-f', 'printfunction']
-        threetotwo_options = ', '.join(["'{}'"]*len(threetotwo_options)).format(*threetotwo_options)
-        ex_loc = "'build/python2/cantera/examples'"
-        convert_script = textwrap.dedent("""\
-            $python2_cmd_esc -c "from lib3to2.main import main; main('lib3to2.fixes', [{opts}, {loc}])"
-        """.format(opts=threetotwo_options, loc=ex_loc))
-        b = build(py2env.AddPostAction(a, convert_script))
-        py2env.Depends(mod, b)
-
-    add_dependencies(mod, ext)
-    install_module(py2env['python2_prefix'], py2_version)
+env['python_module_loc'] = '<unspecified>'
+if localenv['PYTHON_INSTALLER'] == 'direct':
+    mod_inst = install(localenv.Command, 'dummy', mod,
+                       build_cmd + ' install ' + extra +
+                       ' --record=../../build/python-installed-files.txt' +
+                       ' --single-version-externally-managed')
+    global_env = env
+    def find_module_dir(target, source, env):
+        check = pjoin('cantera', '__init__.py')
+        for filename in open('build/python-installed-files.txt').readlines():
+            filename = filename.strip()
+            if filename.endswith(check):
+                filename = filename.replace(check, '')
+                global_env['python_module_loc'] = normpath(filename)
+                break
+    localenv.AlwaysBuild(localenv.AddPostAction(mod_inst, find_module_dir))
+    env['install_python_action'] = mod_inst
+elif localenv['PYTHON_INSTALLER'] == 'debian':
+    extra = localenv.subst(' --root=${python_prefix}')
+    install(localenv.Command, 'dummy', mod,
+            build_cmd + ' install --install-layout=deb --no-compile ' + extra)
+elif localenv['PYTHON_INSTALLER'] == 'binary':
+    install(localenv.Command, 'dummy', mod,
+            build_cmd + ' bdist_msi --dist-dir=../..' +
+            ' --target-version=' + py_version)
diff --git a/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/test_onedim.py b/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/test_onedim.py
index 7a42e5dfb..3114ac4f5 100644
--- a/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/test_onedim.py
+++ b/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/test_onedim.py
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ class TestFreeFlame(utilities.CanteraTest):
 
         self.create_sim(p, Tin, reactants)
         self.solve_fixed_T()
-        filename = pjoin(self.test_work_dir, 'onedim-fixed-T{0}.xml'.format(utilities.python_version))
+        filename = pjoin(self.test_work_dir, 'onedim-fixed-T.xml')
         if os.path.exists(filename):
             os.remove(filename)
 
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ class TestFreeFlame(utilities.CanteraTest):
         p = 2 * ct.one_atm
         Tin = 400
 
-        filename = pjoin(self.test_work_dir, 'onedim-add-species{0}.xml'.format(utilities.python_version))
+        filename = pjoin(self.test_work_dir, 'onedim-add-species.xml')
         if os.path.exists(filename):
             os.remove(filename)
 
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ class TestFreeFlame(utilities.CanteraTest):
         p = 2 * ct.one_atm
         Tin = 400
 
-        filename = pjoin(self.test_work_dir, 'onedim-add-species{0}.xml'.format(utilities.python_version))
+        filename = pjoin(self.test_work_dir, 'onedim-add-species.xml')
         if os.path.exists(filename):
             os.remove(filename)
 
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ class TestFreeFlame(utilities.CanteraTest):
             self.assertArrayNear(Y1[k1], Y2[k2])
 
     def test_write_csv(self):
-        filename = pjoin(self.test_work_dir, 'onedim-write_csv{0}.csv'.format(utilities.python_version))
+        filename = pjoin(self.test_work_dir, 'onedim-write_csv.csv')
         if os.path.exists(filename):
             os.remove(filename)
 
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ class TestFreeFlame(utilities.CanteraTest):
 
 class TestDiffusionFlame(utilities.CanteraTest):
     # Note: to re-create the reference file:
-    # (1) set PYTHONPATH to build/python2 or build/python3.
+    # (1) set PYTHONPATH to build/python.
     # (2) Start Python in the test/work directory and run:
     #     >>> import cantera.test
     #     >>> t = cantera.test.test_onedim.TestDiffusionFlame("test_mixture_averaged")
@@ -753,7 +753,7 @@ class TestDiffusionFlame(utilities.CanteraTest):
 
 class TestCounterflowPremixedFlame(utilities.CanteraTest):
     # Note: to re-create the reference file:
-    # (1) set PYTHONPATH to build/python2 or build/python3.
+    # (1) set PYTHONPATH to build/python.
     # (2) Start Python in the test/work directory and run:
     #     >>> import cantera.test
     #     >>> t = cantera.test.test_onedim.TestCounterflowPremixedFlame("test_mixture_averaged")
diff --git a/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/test_thermo.py b/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/test_thermo.py
index 01bbc1e6a..b9c182f72 100644
--- a/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/test_thermo.py
+++ b/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/test_thermo.py
@@ -1455,7 +1455,7 @@ class TestSolutionArray(utilities.CanteraTest):
         states.TPX = np.linspace(300, 1000, 7), 2e5, 'H2:0.5, O2:0.4'
         states.equilibrate('HP')
 
-        outfile = pjoin(self.test_work_dir, 'solutionarray{}.csv'.format(utilities.python_version))
+        outfile = pjoin(self.test_work_dir, 'solutionarray.csv')
         states.write_csv(outfile)
 
         data = np.genfromtxt(outfile, names=True, delimiter=',')
diff --git a/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/utilities.py b/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/utilities.py
index cb7407532..5596ff2aa 100644
--- a/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/utilities.py
+++ b/interfaces/cython/cantera/test/utilities.py
@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ class CanteraTest(unittest.TestCase):
         root_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
                                                 '..', '..', '..', '..'))
         if os.path.exists(os.path.join(root_dir, 'SConstruct')):
-            cls.test_work_dir = os.path.join(root_dir, 'test', 'work',
-                                             'python{}'.format(python_version))
+            cls.test_work_dir = os.path.join(root_dir, 'test', 'work', 'python')
             try:
                 os.makedirs(cls.test_work_dir)
             except OSError as e:
diff --git a/interfaces/matlab/testpath.m b/interfaces/matlab/testpath.m
index eed61f727..8845a2946 100644
--- a/interfaces/matlab/testpath.m
+++ b/interfaces/matlab/testpath.m
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ end
 
 % Set path to Python module
 if strcmp(getenv('PYTHONPATH'), '')
-    setenv('PYTHONPATH', fullfile(cantera_root, 'build', 'python2'))
+    setenv('PYTHONPATH', fullfile(cantera_root, 'build', 'python'))
 end
 
 % A simple test to make sure that the ctmethods.mex file is present and working
diff --git a/interfaces/python_minimal/SConscript b/interfaces/python_minimal/SConscript
index 68c300310..c859402dd 100644
--- a/interfaces/python_minimal/SConscript
+++ b/interfaces/python_minimal/SConscript
@@ -5,58 +5,53 @@ Import('env', 'build', 'install')
 
 localenv = env.Clone()
 
-for py_ver in [2, 3]:
-    if env['python{}_package'.format(py_ver)] == 'minimal':
-        make_setup = build(localenv.SubstFile('setup{}.py'.format(py_ver), 'setup.py.in'))
+make_setup = build(localenv.SubstFile('setup.py', 'setup.py.in'))
 
-        # copy scripts from the full Cython module
-        for script in ['ctml_writer', 'ck2cti']:
-            # The actual script
-            s = build(env.Command('cantera/%s.py' % script,
-                                  '#interfaces/cython/cantera/%s.py' % script,
-                                  Copy('$TARGET', '$SOURCE')))
-            localenv.Depends(make_setup, s)
+# copy scripts from the full Cython module
+for script in ['ctml_writer', 'ck2cti']:
+    # The actual script
+    s = build(env.Command('cantera/{}.py'.format(script),
+                          '#interfaces/cython/cantera/{}.py'.format(script),
+                          Copy('$TARGET', '$SOURCE')))
+    localenv.Depends(make_setup, s)
 
-        localenv['python{}_cmd_esc'.format(py_ver)] = quoted(localenv['python{}_cmd'.format(py_ver)])
-        build_cmd = ('cd interfaces/python_minimal &&'
-                     ' $python{py_ver}_cmd_esc setup{py_ver}.py build --build-lib=../../build/python{py_ver}'.format(py_ver=py_ver))
+build_cmd = ('cd interfaces/python_minimal &&'
+             ' $python_cmd_esc setup.py build --build-lib=../../build/python')
 
-        mod = build(localenv.Command('#build/python{}/cantera/__init__.py'.format(py_ver),
-                                     'setup{}.py'.format(py_ver),
-                                     build_cmd))
-        env['python{}_module'.format(py_ver)] = mod
+mod = build(localenv.Command('#build/python/cantera/__init__.py', 'setup.py',
+                             build_cmd))
+env['python_module'] = mod
 
-        if localenv['PYTHON_INSTALLER'] == 'direct':
-            if localenv['python{}_prefix'.format(py_ver)] == 'USER':
-                # Install to the OS-dependent user site-packages directory
-                extra = '--user'
-                if localenv['OS'] == 'Darwin':
-                    extra += ' --prefix=""'
-            elif localenv['python{}_prefix'.format(py_ver)]:
-                # A specific location for the Cantera python module has been given
-                extra = '--user'
-                if localenv['OS'] == 'Darwin':
-                    extra += ' --prefix=""'
-                localenv.AppendENVPath(
-                    'PYTHONUSERBASE',
-                    normpath(localenv.subst('$python{}_prefix'.format(py_ver)))
-                )
-            else:
-                # Install Python module in the default location
-                extra = ''
-            mod_inst = install(localenv.Command, 'dummy{}'.format(py_ver), mod,
-                               build_cmd + ' install %s' % extra +
-                               ' --record=../../build/python{}-installed-files.txt'.format(py_ver) +
-                               ' --single-version-externally-managed')
-            global_env = env
-            def find_module_dir(target, source, env):
-                check = pjoin('cantera', '__init__.py')
-                py_ver = str(source[0]).split('/')[1][-1]
-                for filename in open('build/python{}-installed-files.txt'.format(py_ver)).readlines():
-                    filename = filename.strip()
-                    if filename.endswith(check):
-                        filename = filename.replace(check, '')
-                        global_env['python{}_module_loc'.format(py_ver)] = normpath(filename)
-                        break
-            localenv.AlwaysBuild(localenv.AddPostAction(mod_inst, find_module_dir))
-            env['install_python{}_action'.format(py_ver)] = mod_inst
+if localenv['PYTHON_INSTALLER'] == 'direct':
+    if localenv['python_prefix'] == 'USER':
+        # Install to the OS-dependent user site-packages directory
+        extra = '--user'
+        if localenv['OS'] == 'Darwin':
+            extra += ' --prefix=""'
+    elif localenv['python_prefix']:
+        # A specific location for the Cantera python module has been given
+        extra = '--user'
+        if localenv['OS'] == 'Darwin':
+            extra += ' --prefix=""'
+        localenv.AppendENVPath(
+            'PYTHONUSERBASE',
+            normpath(localenv.subst('$python_prefix'))
+        )
+    else:
+        # Install Python module in the default location
+        extra = ''
+    mod_inst = install(localenv.Command, 'dummy', mod,
+                       build_cmd + ' install ' + extra +
+                       ' --record=../../build/python-installed-files.txt' +
+                       ' --single-version-externally-managed')
+    global_env = env
+    def find_module_dir(target, source, env):
+        check = pjoin('cantera', '__init__.py')
+        for filename in open('build/python-installed-files.txt').readlines():
+            filename = filename.strip()
+            if filename.endswith(check):
+                filename = filename.replace(check, '')
+                global_env['python_module_loc'] = normpath(filename)
+                break
+    localenv.AlwaysBuild(localenv.AddPostAction(mod_inst, find_module_dir))
+    env['install_python_action'] = mod_inst
diff --git a/platform/posix/SConscript b/platform/posix/SConscript
index 433795e61..b804ed96c 100644
--- a/platform/posix/SConscript
+++ b/platform/posix/SConscript
@@ -11,31 +11,19 @@ if env['INSTALL_MANPAGES']:
 
 ### Generate customized scripts ###
 
-# If any Python 3 package is built, prefer that one. If not,
-# and if any Python 2 package is built, prefer that one.
-# In all other cases, use the Python 3 location variables,
-# which should all be empty strings
-if env['python3_package'] in ['full', 'minimal']:
-    major = '3'
-elif env['python2_package'] in ['full', 'minimal']:
-    major = '2'
-else:
-    major = '3'
-
 # 'setup_cantera'
 if localenv['layout'] != 'debian' and env['OS'] != 'Windows':
 
     def copy_var(target, source, env):
-        if env['python{}_prefix'.format(major)] == 'USER':
+        if env['python_prefix'] == 'USER':
             env['python_module_loc_sc'] = ''
         else:
-            env['python_module_loc_sc'] = env['python{}_module_loc'.format(major)]
-        env['python_cmd'] = env['python{}_cmd'.format(major)]
+            env['python_module_loc_sc'] = env['python_module_loc']
 
     for script in ['setup_cantera', 'setup_cantera.csh']:
         target = env.SubstFile(script, script + '.in')
         localenv.AddPreAction(target, copy_var)
-        localenv.Depends(target, env['install_python{}_action'.format(major)])
+        localenv.Depends(target, env['install_python_action'])
         install('$inst_bindir', target)
 
 # Cantera.mak include file for Makefile projects
diff --git a/platform/posix/coverage.py b/platform/posix/coverage.py
index f6143a3e5..952532c2b 100755
--- a/platform/posix/coverage.py
+++ b/platform/posix/coverage.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 Collect test coverage data and generate an html report.
 """
 
-from __future__ import print_function
 import os
 import subprocess
 import shutil
diff --git a/src/matlab/SConscript b/src/matlab/SConscript
index 32453a952..6256fef14 100644
--- a/src/matlab/SConscript
+++ b/src/matlab/SConscript
@@ -80,28 +80,16 @@ env['matlab_extension'] = ctmethods
 # 'ctpath.m'
 globalenv = env
 
-# If any Python 3 package is built, prefer that one. If not,
-# and if any Python 2 package is built, prefer that one.
-# In all other cases, use the Python 3 location variables,
-# which should all be empty strings
-if env['python3_package'] in ['full', 'minimal']:
-    major = '3'
-elif env['python2_package'] in ['full', 'minimal']:
-    major = '2'
-else:
-    major = '3'
-
 def copy_var(target, source, env):
-    if env['python{}_prefix'.format(major)] == 'USER':
+    if env['python_prefix'] == 'USER':
         env['python_module_loc_sc'] = ''
     else:
-        env['python_module_loc_sc'] = globalenv['python{}_module_loc'.format(major)]
-    env['python_cmd'] = env['python{}_cmd'.format(major)]
+        env['python_module_loc_sc'] = globalenv['python_module_loc']
 
 target = localenv.SubstFile('#interfaces/matlab/ctpath.m',
                             '#interfaces/matlab/ctpath.m.in')
 localenv.AddPreAction(target, copy_var)
-localenv.Depends(target, env['install_python{}_action'.format(major)])
+localenv.Depends(target, env['install_python_action'])
 install('$inst_matlab_dir', target)
 
 # 'Contents.m'
diff --git a/test/SConscript b/test/SConscript
index a145179e2..600f5f44f 100644
--- a/test/SConscript
+++ b/test/SConscript
@@ -238,12 +238,9 @@ def addMatlabTest(script, testName, dependencies=None, env_vars=()):
 
     return run_program
 
-if localenv['python2_package'] in ('full', 'minimal'):
-    python_env_vars = {'PYTHONPATH': localenv['pythonpath_build2'],
-                       'PYTHON_CMD': localenv.subst('$python2_cmd')}
-elif localenv['python3_package'] in ('full', 'minimal'):
-    python_env_vars = {'PYTHONPATH': localenv['pythonpath_build3'],
-                       'PYTHON_CMD': localenv.subst('$python3_cmd')}
+if localenv['python_package'] in ('full', 'minimal'):
+    python_env_vars = {'PYTHONPATH': localenv['pythonpath_build'],
+                       'PYTHON_CMD': localenv.subst('$python_cmd')}
 else:
     python_env_vars = {'PYTHONPATH': '../../build/python_minimal',
                        'PYTHON_CMD': localenv.subst('$python_cmd')}
@@ -261,31 +258,24 @@ test_root = '#interfaces/cython/cantera/test'
 for f in mglob(localenv, test_root, '^test_*.py'):
     python_subtests.append(f.name[5:-3])
 
-def make_python_tests(version):
-    # Create test aliases for individual test modules (e.g. test-python2-thermo;
+if localenv['python_package'] == 'full':
+    # Create test aliases for individual test modules (e.g. test-python-thermo;
     # not run as part of the main suite) and a single test runner with all the
-    # tests (test-python2) for the main suite.
+    # tests (test-python) for the main suite.
     for subset in python_subtests:
-        name = 'python%i-' %version + subset if subset else 'python%i' % version
+        name = 'python-' + subset if subset else 'python'
         pyTest = addPythonTest(
             name, 'python', 'runCythonTests.py',
             args=subset,
-            interpreter='$python{}_cmd'.format(version),
-            outfile=File('#test/work/python%d-results.txt' % version).abspath,
-            dependencies=(localenv['python%i_module' % version] +
-                          localenv['python%i_extension' % version] +
+            interpreter='$python_cmd',
+            outfile=File('#test/work/python-results.txt').abspath,
+            dependencies=(localenv['python_module'] + localenv['python_extension'] +
                           mglob(localenv, test_root, 'py')),
-            env_vars={'PYTHONPATH': localenv['pythonpath_build%s' % version]},
+            env_vars={'PYTHONPATH': localenv['pythonpath_build']},
             optional=bool(subset))
         localenv.Alias('test-' + name, pyTest)
         env['testNames'].append(name)
 
-if localenv['python2_package'] == 'full':
-    make_python_tests(2)
-
-if localenv['python3_package'] == 'full':
-    make_python_tests(3)
-
 if localenv['matlab_toolbox'] == 'y':
     matlabTest = addMatlabTest('runCanteraTests.m', 'matlab',
                                dependencies=mglob(localenv, 'matlab', 'm'),
diff --git a/test/python/runCythonTests.py b/test/python/runCythonTests.py
index b41176581..5a60cfc35 100644
--- a/test/python/runCythonTests.py
+++ b/test/python/runCythonTests.py
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ a single test:
 
     python runCythonTests.py onedim.TestDiffusionFlame.test_mixture_averaged
 """
-from __future__ import print_function
 
 import sys
 import os
@@ -25,8 +24,7 @@ import warnings
 
 warnings.simplefilter('default')
 cantera_root = os.path.relpath(__file__).split(os.sep)[:-1] + ['..', '..']
-py_version = 'python3' if sys.version_info[0] == 3 else 'python2'
-module_path = os.path.abspath(os.sep.join(cantera_root + ['build', py_version]))
+module_path = os.path.abspath(os.sep.join(cantera_root + ['build']))
 
 if 'PYTHONPATH' in os.environ:
     os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = module_path + os.path.pathsep + os.environ['PYTHONPATH']
@@ -45,7 +43,7 @@ cantera.make_deprecation_warnings_fatal()
 class TestResult(unittest.TextTestResult):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         unittest.TextTestResult.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
-        self.outName = 'python%d-results.txt' % sys.version_info[0]
+        self.outName = 'python-results.txt'
         with open(self.outName, 'w') as f:
             pass # just create an empty output file
 
diff --git a/test_problems/SConscript b/test_problems/SConscript
index d48c09dd9..269cfa198 100644
--- a/test_problems/SConscript
+++ b/test_problems/SConscript
@@ -19,13 +19,9 @@ if localenv['OS'] == 'Linux':
 else:
     cantera_libs = localenv['cantera_libs']
 
-if localenv['python2_package'] in ('full', 'minimal'):
-    localenv['ENV']['PYTHONPATH'] = localenv['pythonpath_build2']
-    localenv['ENV']['PYTHON_CMD'] = localenv.subst('$python2_cmd')
-    haveConverters = True
-elif localenv['python3_package'] in ('full', 'minimal'):
-    localenv['ENV']['PYTHONPATH'] = localenv['pythonpath_build3']
-    localenv['ENV']['PYTHON_CMD'] = localenv.subst('$python3_cmd')
+if localenv['python_package'] in ('full', 'minimal'):
+    localenv['ENV']['PYTHONPATH'] = localenv['pythonpath_build']
+    localenv['ENV']['PYTHON_CMD'] = localenv.subst('$python_cmd')
     haveConverters = True
 else:
     localenv['ENV']['PYTHONPATH'] = '../../build/python_minimal'