Description
Langtry-Menter 4-equation transitional SST model
based on the k-omega-SST RAS model.
References:
Langtry, R. B., & Menter, F. R. (2009).
Correlation-based transition modeling for unstructured parallelized
computational fluid dynamics codes.
AIAA journal, 47(12), 2894-2906.
Menter, F. R., Langtry, R., & Volker, S. (2006).
Transition modelling for general purpose CFD codes.
Flow, turbulence and combustion, 77(1-4), 277-303.
Langtry, R. B. (2006).
A correlation-based transition model using local variables for
unstructured parallelized CFD codes.
Phd. Thesis, Universität Stuttgart.
Implemented by Henry G. Weller, CFD Direct in collaboration with Florian
Schwertfirm, Kreuzinger und Manhart Turbulenz GmbH.
updateCoeffs(const scalarField&) -> updateWeightedCoeffs(const scalarField&)
to avoid confusion with other specialized forms of updateCoeffs.
Patch contributed by Mattijs Janssens
Description
Implementation of the k-omega-SST-DES turbulence model for
incompressible and compressible flows.
DES model described in:
\verbatim
Menter, F. R., Kuntz, M., and Langtry, R. (2003).
Ten Years of Industrial Experience with the SST Turbulence Model.
Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer 4, ed: K. Hanjalic, Y. Nagano,
& M. Tummers, Begell House, Inc., 625 - 632.
\endverbatim
Optional support for zonal filtering based on F1 or F2 is provided as
described in the paper.
For further details of the implementation of the base k-omega-SST model
see Foam::kOmegaSST.
The DES coefficient 'CDES' defaults to 0.61 but may be changed as
necessary.
The zonal filter filter defaults to '2' which uses "(1 - F2)" as
suggested in the paper but '0' (no filtering) and '1' which uses
"(1 - F1)" are also supported.
These new names are more consistent and logical because:
primitiveField():
primitiveFieldRef():
Provides low-level access to the Field<Type> (primitive field)
without dimension or mesh-consistency checking. This should only be
used in the low-level functions where dimensional consistency is
ensured by careful programming and computational efficiency is
paramount.
internalField():
internalFieldRef():
Provides access to the DimensionedField<Type, GeoMesh> of values on
the internal mesh-type for which the GeometricField is defined and
supports dimension and checking and mesh-consistency checking.
In order to simplify expressions involving dimensioned internal field it
is preferable to use a simpler access convention. Given that
GeometricField is derived from DimensionedField it is simply a matter of
de-referencing this underlying type unlike the boundary field which is
peripheral information. For consistency with the new convention in
"tmp" "dimensionedInteralFieldRef()" has been renamed "ref()".
Non-const access to the internal field now obtained from a specifically
named access function consistent with the new names for non-canst access
to the boundary field boundaryFieldRef() and dimensioned internal field
dimensionedInternalFieldRef().
See also commit a4e2afa4b3
When the GeometricBoundaryField template class was originally written it
was a separate class in the Foam namespace rather than a sub-class of
GeometricField as it is now. Without loss of clarity and simplifying
code which access the boundary field of GeometricFields it is better
that GeometricBoundaryField be renamed Boundary for consistency with the
new naming convention for the type of the dimensioned internal field:
Internal, see commit a25a449c9e
This is a very simple text substitution change which can be applied to
any code which compiles with the OpenFOAM-dev libraries.
Given that the type of the dimensioned internal field is encapsulated in
the GeometricField class the name need not include "Field"; the type
name is "Internal" so
volScalarField::DimensionedInternalField -> volScalarField::Internal
In addition to the ".dimensionedInternalField()" access function the
simpler "()" de-reference operator is also provided to greatly simplify
FV equation source term expressions which need not evaluate boundary
conditions. To demonstrate this kEpsilon.C has been updated to use
dimensioned internal field expressions in the k and epsilon equation
source terms.
Resolves bug-report http://www.openfoam.org/mantisbt/view.php?id=1938
Because C++ does not support overloading based on the return-type there
is a problem defining both const and non-const member functions which
are resolved based on the const-ness of the object for which they are
called rather than the intent of the programmer declared via the
const-ness of the returned type. The issue for the "boundaryField()"
member function is that the non-const version increments the
event-counter and checks the state of the stored old-time fields in case
the returned value is altered whereas the const version has no
side-effects and simply returns the reference. If the the non-const
function is called within the patch-loop the event-counter may overflow.
To resolve this it in necessary to avoid calling the non-const form of
"boundaryField()" if the results is not altered and cache the reference
outside the patch-loop when mutation of the patch fields is needed.
The most straight forward way of resolving this problem is to name the
const and non-const forms of the member functions differently e.g. the
non-const form could be named:
mutableBoundaryField()
mutBoundaryField()
nonConstBoundaryField()
boundaryFieldRef()
Given that in C++ a reference is non-const unless specified as const:
"T&" vs "const T&" the logical convention would be
boundaryFieldRef()
boundaryFieldConstRef()
and given that the const form which is more commonly used is it could
simply be named "boundaryField()" then the logical convention is
GeometricBoundaryField& boundaryFieldRef();
inline const GeometricBoundaryField& boundaryField() const;
This is also consistent with the new "tmp" class for which non-const
access to the stored object is obtained using the ".ref()" member function.
This new convention for non-const access to the components of
GeometricField will be applied to "dimensionedInternalField()" and "internalField()" in the
future, i.e. "dimensionedInternalFieldRef()" and "internalFieldRef()".
The deprecated non-const tmp functionality is now on the compiler switch
NON_CONST_TMP which can be enabled by adding -DNON_CONST_TMP to EXE_INC
in the Make/options file. However, it is recommended to upgrade all
code to the new safer tmp by using the '.ref()' member function rather
than the non-const '()' dereference operator when non-const access to
the temporary object is required.
Please report any problems on Mantis.
Henry G. Weller
CFD Direct.
in case of tmp misuse.
Simplified tmp reuse pattern in field algebra to use tmp copy and
assignment rather than the complex delayed call to 'ptr()'.
Removed support for unused non-const 'REF' storage of non-tmp objects due to C++
limitation in constructor overloading: if both tmp(T&) and tmp(const T&)
constructors are provided resolution is ambiguous.
The turbulence libraries have been upgraded and '-DCONST_TMP' option
specified in the 'options' file to switch to the new 'tmp' behavior.
It is not clear what form an fvOptions source should take as f is not a
transported dynamic field. For the moment the fvOptions source from the
f-equation has been removed until there is a specific need which will
show what the form should be.
Resolves bug-report http://www.openfoam.org/mantisbt/view.php?id=1955
It is better to declare the namespace of each function in the C file
rather than "open" the namespace as this may lead to inconsistencies
between the declaration in the H files and definition in the C file.
